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11A online worksheet

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
 

 1. 

All vertebrates have backbones.
 

 2. 

Vertebrates have true coeloms and open circulatory systems.
 

 3. 

Jawless fishes were the first vertebrates to evolve.
 

 4. 

The first fishes to develop jaws were called spiny acanthodians.
 

 5. 

Sharks and rays have skeletons of bone.
 

 6. 

Lobe-finned fishes were the probable ancestors of amphibians.
 

 7. 

A fish’s gills would collapse on land.
 

 8. 

Amphibians were the first vertebrates to evolve lungs for gas exchange.
 

 9. 

Because of their aquatic nature, frogs and fishes have the same kinds of hearts.
 

 10. 

The Jurassic period is often referred to as “the golden age of dinosaurs.”
 

 11. 

Animals whose body temperature is largely determined by the environment are called endothermic.
 

 12. 

Though most dinosaurs became extinct 65 million years ago, a few species still live in remote areas.
 

 13. 

Mammals have been the dominant land animals on Earth for over 500 million years.
 

 14. 

Some skeletons of fossil birds have teeth.
 

 15. 

Modern birds have teeth.
 

 16. 

All primates have grasping hands.
 

 17. 

Opposable thumbs are characteristic of monkeys.
 

 18. 

Depth perception is a characteristic of most primates.
 

 19. 

Human hemoglobin differs from chimpanzee hemoglobin by 287 amino acids.
 

 20. 

The arms of a gorilla are longer than its legs.
 

 21. 

An australopithecine’s skeleton reveals that it walked on four legs.
 

 22. 

Homo habilis had a larger brain than Homo erectus.
 

 23. 

Scientists think that early Homo sapiens probably used language.
 

 24. 

According to some scientists, Neanderthals are members of the species Homo sapiens.
 

 25. 

Neanderthals had slightly larger brains, on average, than modern humans have.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 26. 

The backbone of vertebrates provides support and protects the
a.
ventral nerve cord.
c.
dorsal nerve cord.
b.
vertebrae.
d.
heart.
 

 27. 

The internal skeleton of vertebrates
a.
allows vertebrates to grow larger than invertebrates.
b.
plays an important role in the digestive system.
c.
allows vertebrates to carry out asexual reproduction.
d.
plays an important role in mate selection.
 

 28. 

The first fishes to appear in the seas were members of the class
a.
ostracoderms.
c.
placoderms.
b.
sharks.
d.
agnathans.
 

 29. 

The word agnathan means
a.
“bony fish.”
c.
“without vertebral column.”
b.
“without jaws.”
d.
“fish with paired fins.”
 

 30. 

The earliest jawed fishes were the
a.
acanthodians.
c.
sharks.
b.
agnathans.
d.
placoderms.
 

 31. 

The earliest known land vertebrate
a.
was a coelacanth.
c.
lacked bones in its legs.
b.
was an amphibian.
d.
was a now-extinct reptile.
 

 32. 

All of the following evolved from early reptiles except
a.
fishes.
c.
dinosaurs.
b.
birds.
d.
mammals.
 

 33. 

Therapsids replaced amphibians as the dominant vertebrate form by the end of the
a.
Permian.
c.
Cretaceous.
b.
Pennsylvanian.
d.
Devonian.
 

 34. 

Dinosaurs dominated over all other land vertebrates for approximately
a.
1.5 million years.
c.
150 million years.
b.
15 million years.
d.
1,500 million years.
 

 35. 

Dinosaurs were more successful than their competitors, the codonts, because dinosaurs were
a.
larger.
c.
smaller.
b.
faster.
d.
slower.
 

 36. 

Ectothermic animals
a.
produce enough heat to warm their bodies.
b.
are found among mammals.
c.
absorb heat from their environment.
d.
are characterized by the presence of feathers.
 

 37. 

Mammals arose from early reptiles called
a.
thecodonts.
c.
therapsids.
b.
theropods.
d.
tuataras.
 

 38. 

Mammals reached their maximal diversity during the
a.
Jurassic period.
c.
Triassic period.
b.
Permian period.
d.
Tertiary period.
 

 39. 

The most widely accepted hypothesis to explain the mass extinction of dinosaurs proposes
a.
a massive volcanic eruption.
b.
sunspots that disrupted Earth’s weather.
c.
that Earth cooled in an ice age 120 million years ago.
d.
that Earth was struck by a meteorite or an asteroid that caused thick dust clouds.
 

 40. 

Two distinctive features of all primates are
a.
binocular vision and grasping hands.
b.
grasping hands and feet.
c.
binocular vision and a large skull.
d.
large eye sockets and binocular vision.
 

 41. 

Monkeys are different from prosimians in that monkeys
a.
have opposable thumbs.
c.
have binocular vision.
b.
live in trees.
d.
come out only at night.
 

 42. 

Since DNA sequences in humans and chimpanzees are very similar,
a.
humans must have evolved from chimpanzees.
b.
chimpanzees must have single-stranded DNA.
c.
humans and chimpanzees must have a recent common ancestor.
d.
humans and chimpanzees are the same species.
 
 
nar001-1.jpg
 

 43. 

Refer to the illustration above. Diagram 2 probably shows the skeleton of a
a.
chimpanzee.
c.
bonobo.
b.
gorilla.
d.
hominid.
 

 44. 

Homo habilis
a.
had a larger brain than that of Australopithecus.
b.
used stone tools.
c.
walked upright
d.
All of the above
 

 45. 

The first member of the genus Homo was
a.
Homo sapiens.
c.
Homo habilis.
b.
Homo erectus.
d.
Homo hominid.
 

 46. 

Homo erectus
a.
had a large brain.
c.
was larger than Homo habilis.
b.
walked upright.
d.
All of the above
 

 47. 

Hunting large animals, using fire, and making stone and bone tools are associated with
a.
Homo habilis.
c.
Sahelanthropus.
b.
Australopithecus africanus.
d.
Homo erectus.
 

 48. 

Fossils of Homo erectus have been found in
a.
Africa.
c.
Java.
b.
China.
d.
All of the above
 

 49. 

Homo erectus was probably the direct ancestor of
a.
Homo habilis.
c.
Homo sapiens.
b.
Australopithecus.
d.
the genus Homo.
 

 50. 

The Neanderthals are noted for
a.
burying their dead.
b.
using weapons.
c.
having a slightly larger brain size than modern humans.
d.
All of the above
 



 
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